Archive for the ‘theory’ tag
Can Random Genetic Mutations provide Natural Selection the Raw Material it Requires to Create New Species?
Darwin Starts with a Populated Environment
Darwin’s theory of Decent with Modification through Natural Selection does not address how life began. Darwin’s theory attempts to explain how, over time, some members of a well marked species may begin to diverge in organic structure, habits, etc. into incipient (or emergent) species and eventually into an entirely new species. Darwin’s studies, observations, and postulations begin with an environment already significantly populated with organisms. For instance, in The Origin of Species chapter on the Struggle for Existence, the struggle is against numerous other competing species and is a central component to Darwin’s theory on Natural Selection.
Darwin states in The Origin of Species, Instinct chapter:
“I must premise, that I have nothing to do with the origin of the primary mental powers, any more than I have with that of life itself (1).”
Darwin’s definition of Natural Selection
Darwin states, in The Origin of Species:
“Can it, then, be thought improbable, seeing that variations useful to man [under domestic breeding] have undoubtedly occurred, that other variations useful in some way to each being in the great and complex battle for life, should sometimes occur in the course of thousands of generations? If such do occur, can we doubt that individuals having any advantage, however slight, over others, would have the best chance for surviving and of procreating their kind? On the other hand, we may feel sure that any variation in the least degree injurious would be rigidly destroyed. This preservation of favorable variations and the rejection of injurious variations, I call Natural Selection.” (1)
Is life the product of billions of years and chance?
Big Science teaches that all living things are the product of time and chance as proposed by Neo-Darwinism or current evolutionary theory. It is taught in public schools as fact when it is at BEST a weak theory based on many unproven assumptions. However, as science marches forward, this theory is developing cracks and is beginning to crumble under the weight of serious scrutiny. Here I will document a few thought provoking “challenges” evolution faces.
Intelligence Gap
As I look around at nature, I see a huge amount of variety among both the plant and animal kingdom. You can almost sense a statistically uniform distribution of characteristics, attributes, etc. from least complex to most complex. For example, one could argue the difference in physical complexity between a chimpanzee and a human is not that great. Both have similarly complex DNA, organs, etc. However, there is at least one anomaly that can be observed – the gap in intelligence between humans and the next most intelligent life form. If one could measure and then graph the intelligence of all life forms, the graph might look like the following:
How Do We Discover Truth?
As we have discussed, truth is that which corresponds our metaphysical reality. Truth is discovered, not created and we agree that truth is knowable by starting with self-evident First Principles. So, how do we go about discovering truth?
We discover truth by using Reason and Logic. Reason is a type of thought and logic is used to define formal methods of reasoning used to reach conclusions. If two people agree upon a logical method of reasoning, then they should be able to reach conclusions that they both agree with. Logical methods were devised to provide a framework to support conclusions that, at least if one accepts the method as valid, cannot be refuted. One common type of logic used by scientists is called Deductive Reasoning. Read the rest of this entry »